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Mihsaba›RLC Impedance Calculator

RLC Impedance Calculator

Calculate XL, XC, net reactance, impedance magnitude and phase angle for a series RLC circuit from R, L, C and frequency.

Results are idealized or estimated; component behavior, temperature, losses and battery discharge curves can change real-world values.

How to use

This series-RLC calculator combines resistance, inductive reactance and capacitive reactance into one impedance. The sign of XL−XC indicates net inductive or capacitive behavior.

  1. Enter R, L and C with units.
  2. Enter frequency.
  3. Calculate XL and XC.
  4. Review impedance, angle and circuit character.

How it is calculated

XL=2πfL; XC=1/(2πfC); |Z|=√[R²+(XL−XC)²]

Example

Example: R=100 Ω, L=100 mH and C=10 µF at 60 Hz gives XL below XC, so the net reactance is capacitive.

Important notes

This is an ideal series-RLC model and excludes capacitor ESR, inductor losses and parasitics.

Frequently asked questions

When is it resonant?

When XL≈XC and net reactance approaches zero.

Can |Z| be below R?

No in this model.

What does a negative angle mean?

Net capacitive reactance under this convention.